{"id":1782,"date":"2026-05-22T23:17:53","date_gmt":"2026-05-22T23:17:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/xenarthrans.org\/journal\/?post_type=issue&p=1782"},"modified":"2026-05-22T23:18:20","modified_gmt":"2026-05-22T23:18:20","slug":"xenarthra-27","status":"publish","type":"issue","link":"https:\/\/xenarthrans.org\/journal\/issue\/xenarthra-27\/","title":{"rendered":"Xenarthra 27"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n

May 2026<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\r\n
\r\n
\"Dasypus<\/a><\/figure>
\r\n

Cover:<\/strong> Dasypus septemcinctus hybridus<\/em>, Uruguay. Photo: Enrique Gonzalez.<\/p>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\r\n
\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Note that this issue is not yet complete<\/strong>, however the articles below are considered published, since they are published continuously, as soon as they are ready.
Download of all articles as a zipped file will be available once the issue is complete.<\/em><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Contents<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\r\n
<\/th>Abstract<\/th>Type or Section<\/th>OpenGraph image<\/th>Title<\/th>Authors<\/th>DOI<\/th>e-Locator<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
<\/td>

Roadkill is a significant threat to wildlife conservation, particularly for species with low reproductive rates and specialized feeding behavior, such as anteaters. This study analyzed roadkill records from multiple roads in the Colombian Orinoco region to 1) examine spatiotemporal patterns of Myrmecophaga tridactyla<\/em> and Tamandua tetradactyla<\/em> and 2) evaluate whether mortality rates differ between sexes over time. Between 2013 and 2019, we recorded 346 anteater roadkill events along four major routes across the departments of Casanare, Meta, and Cundinamarca. We estimated roadkill rates for each road, identified roadkill hotspots using Siriema<\/em> software, and used molecular tools to determine the sex ratio of road-killed T. tetradactyla<\/em> to assess the impact of road infrastructure on the species’ sex structure. The Yopal-Pore Route (YPR) and Yopal-Jag\u00fceyes Route (YJR) showed the highest roadkill rates for both species. No significant differences were detected between the rainy and dry seasons. The sex ratio of road-killed individuals was 0.89:1 (males:females), with no significant effect detected for the species. Overall, our results improve understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of anteater roadkill in the Colombian Orinoco and can help guide the planning and implementation of effective mitigation strategies in Colombia.<\/p>\n

\n

Patrones espaciotemporales de atropellamientos de osos hormigueros (Pilosa: Myrmecophagidae) en la Orinoqu\u00eda colombiana.<\/strong> Los atropellamientos son una amenaza para la conservaci\u00f3n de la vida silvestre, particularmente para especies con bajas tasas reproductivas y conductas alimentarias especializadas, como los osos hormigueros. Este estudio analiz\u00f3 registros de atropellamientos en m\u00faltiples carreteras de la regi\u00f3n de la Orinoqu\u00eda colombiana para 1) examinar los patrones espaciotemporales de Myrmecophaga tridactyla<\/em> y Tamandua tetradactyla<\/em> y 2) evaluar si las tasas de mortalidad difieren entre sexos a lo largo del tiempo. Entre 2013 y 2019 registramos 346 eventos de atropellamiento de osos hormigueros a lo largo de cuatro rutas principales en los departamentos de Casanare, Meta y Cundinamarca. Estimamos las tasas de atropellamiento para cada v\u00eda, identificamos puntos cr\u00edticos (hotspots<\/em>) de atropellamiento usando el software Siriema<\/em> y, mediante herramientas moleculares, determinamos la proporci\u00f3n de sexos de los individuos de T. tetradactyla<\/em> atropellados para evaluar el impacto de la infraestructura vial sobre la estructura sexual de la especie. Los tramos de la Ruta Yopal-Pore (YPR) y la Ruta Yopal-Jag\u00fceyes (YJR) presentaron las tasas m\u00e1s altas de atropellamiento para ambas especies. No se detectaron diferencias significativas entre las temporadas de lluvias y de sequ\u00eda. La proporci\u00f3n de sexos de los individuos atropellados fue de 0,89:1 (machos:hembras), sin evidenciarse un impacto significativo en la especie. En conjunto, nuestros resultados mejoran la comprensi\u00f3n de la din\u00e1mica espaciotemporal de los atropellamientos de osos hormigueros en la Orinoqu\u00eda colombiana y pueden orientar la planificaci\u00f3n e implementaci\u00f3n de estrategias de mitigaci\u00f3n efectivas en Colombia.<\/p>\n<\/td>

Article<\/td>\"Map<\/a><\/td>Spatiotemporal patterns of roadkill of anteater (Pilosa: Myrmecophagidae) in the Colombian Orinoco region<\/a><\/td>Karen Vargas-Garzon<\/span>, Carmen E. Barrag\u00e1n-Ruiz<\/span>, Karen G. Rodr\u00edguez-Castro<\/span>, Cesar Rojano<\/span><\/td>doi.org\/10.2305\/BMPA7817<\/a><\/td>e2701<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>

Giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla<\/em>) have a wide distribution across the Neotropics from Honduras to northern Argentina, inhabiting a variety of tropical grasslands and forests. Using 25 years of camera trap data collected at multiple sites, we compare giant anteater activity patterns and relative abundance in rainforests and grasslands at the same latitude in northern Bolivia. Giant anteaters were primarily diurnal (81.1%) at continuous tropical forest sites, but primarily nocturnal (66.5%) at sites dominated by tropical grasslands. Relative abundance was also significantly different between major habitats, with giant anteaters found at 0.6 independent events per 100 trap nights in tropical forests and 1.81 independent events per 100 trap nights in tropical grasslands. We discuss the implications of these findings for giant anteater conservation in Bolivia and more broadly across their range. These results demonstrate a high degree of behavioral plasticity in the giant anteater, driven primarily by thermoregulatory constraints associated with habitat structure rather than by predator avoidance. Collectively, our findings highlight the importance of landscape heterogeneity, with open habitats promoting foraging opportunities while forest patches serve as critical thermal refuges. This underscores the need for habitat-specific conservation strategies that maintain a mosaic of complementary habitat types within heterogeneous tropical landscapes.<\/p>\n

\n

Ahora me ves, ahora no: patrones de actividad y abundancia relativa del oso bandera (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) en los pastizales tropicales y bosques de Bolivia.<\/strong> Los osos bandera (Myrmecophaga tridactyla<\/em>) presentan una amplia distribuci\u00f3n en el Neotr\u00f3pico, desde Honduras hasta el norte de Argentina, y habitan una variedad de pastizales y bosques tropicales. Utilizando 25 a\u00f1os de datos de fototrampeo recolectados en m\u00faltiples sitios, comparamos los patrones de actividad y la abundancia relativa del oso bandera en bosques lluviosos y pastizales a la misma latitud en el norte de Bolivia. Los osos bandera fueron principalmente diurnos (81,1%) en sitios de bosque tropical continuo, pero principalmente nocturnos (66,5%) en sitios dominados por pastizales tropicales. La abundancia relativa tambi\u00e9n difiri\u00f3 significativamente entre los principales h\u00e1bitats, registr\u00e1ndose 0,6 eventos independientes por cada 100 noches-trampa en bosques tropicales y 1,81 eventos independientes por cada 100 noches-trampa en pastizales tropicales. Discutimos las implicaciones de estos hallazgos para la conservaci\u00f3n del oso bandera en Bolivia y, de manera m\u00e1s amplia, en el resto de su distribuci\u00f3n. Estos resultados evidencian una marcada plasticidad conductual en el oso bandera, principalmente determinada por limitaciones termorregulatorias asociadas a la estructura del h\u00e1bitat, m\u00e1s que por la evasi\u00f3n de depredadores. En conjunto, nuestros hallazgos resaltan la importancia de la heterogeneidad del paisaje, donde los h\u00e1bitats abiertos favorecen el forrajeo, mientras que los parches de bosque funcionan como refugios t\u00e9rmicos clave. Esto subraya la necesidad de estrategias de conservaci\u00f3n diferenciadas seg\u00fan el tipo de h\u00e1bitat en paisajes tropicales heterog\u00e9neos.<\/p>\n<\/td>

Article<\/td>\"Giant<\/a><\/td>Now you see me, now you don’t: giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla<\/i>) activity patterns and relative abundance in the tropical grasslands and forests of Bolivia<\/a><\/td>Robert B. Wallace<\/span>, Guido Ayala<\/span>, Maria Viscarra<\/span><\/td>doi.org\/10.2305\/DYHK6785<\/a><\/td>e2702<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>

Giant armadillos have slow population growth rates, and females provide extended parental care. We describe two cases of giant armadillo infant deaths: one in which an ocelot (Leopardus pardalis<\/em>) dug out and killed a recently born infant inside the burrow, and a suspected predation event outside the burrow of a 54-day-old infant.<\/p>\n

\n

Novos registros de mortalidade e preda\u00e7\u00e3o de filhotes do tatu-canastra (Priodontes maximus<\/em>) no Brasil.<\/strong> Os tatus-canastra t\u00eam taxas de crescimento populacional lentas e as f\u00eameas oferecem cuidado parental prolongado. Descrevemos dois casos de morte de filhotes de tatu-canastra: um evento em que uma jaguatirica (Leopardus pardalis<\/em>) cavou e matou um filhote rec\u00e9m-nascido dentro da toca e outro, um caso de suspeita de preda\u00e7\u00e3o ocorrida fora da toca com um filhote de 54 dias.<\/p>\n<\/td>

Short Communication<\/td>\"Camera<\/a><\/td>New records of death and predation of giant armadillo (Priodontes maximus<\/i>) offspring in Brazil<\/a><\/td>Arnaud Leonard Jean Desbiez<\/span>, Valqu\u00edria Cabral Ara\u00fajo<\/span>, Pedro Mathias de Almeida<\/span>, Rodrigo Falc\u00e3o Ventura<\/span>, Gabriel Favero Massocato<\/span><\/td>doi.org\/10.2305\/CUFA1083<\/a><\/td>e2703<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\r\n
<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n","protected":false},"featured_media":1794,"template":"","class_list":["post-1782","issue","type-issue","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xenarthrans.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/issue\/1782","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xenarthrans.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/issue"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xenarthrans.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/issue"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/xenarthrans.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/issue\/1782\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1795,"href":"https:\/\/xenarthrans.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/issue\/1782\/revisions\/1795"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xenarthrans.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1794"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xenarthrans.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1782"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}